Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in type 1 diabetes mellitus

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Abstract
Vessby J, Basu S, Mohsen R, Berne C, Vessby B (Section for Clinical Nutrition Research, Department of Public and Caring Sciences; and Department of Internal Medicine, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden). Oxidative stress and antioxidant status in type 1 diabetes mellitus. J Intern Med 2002; 251: 69–76. Objectives. To test the hypothesis that type 1 diabetes is associated with increased oxidative stress and/or antioxidant status by investigating concentrations of 8-iso-prostaglandin F2α (8-iso-PGF2α) in urine and plasma and malondialdehyde (MDA) in plasma as indicators of lipid peroxidation in vivo, and antioxidant status in diabetic subjects compared with healthy control subjects. Design and subjects. Thirty-eight subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus and 41 healthy age- and sex-matched control subjects were included in the study. Blood and urine samples were obtained and analysed for 8-iso-PGF2α with a newly developed radioimmunoassay, as well as for MDA, total antioxidant capacity (TAOC) and serum tocopherol levels. Results. None of the variables of lipid peroxidation showed any significant difference between the two groups. Similarly, there were no significant correlations between the levels of 8-iso-PGF2α or MDA, and degree of glycemic control (HbA1c). Total antioxidant capacity in plasma was 16% lower amongst the subjects with type 1 diabetes than in the control group (P < 0.0005). Lipid corrected levels of α-tocopherol in serum were significantly increased in type 1 diabetic subjects (P < 0.05), as were γ-tocopherol levels (P < 0.005). Conclusions. In spite of lower total antioxidant defence, our results do not support the oxidative stress hypothesis for type 1 diabetes mellitus. The higher tocopherol levels suggest that no vitamin E supplementation is necessary for subjects with type 1 diabetes mellitus.