Field Evaluations of Novel Chloronicotinyls and Insect Growth Regulators against the Greenhouse Whitefly on Strawberry

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Abstract
The efficacy of two novel chloronicotinyls and two novel insect growth regulators against the greenhouse whitefly [Trialeurodes vaporariorum (Westwood)] on summer-planted strawberries was evaluated in field experiments. Imidacloprid applied in soil 3 weeks after planting decreased whitefly adult numbers by 58% to 90%, first and second instars by 78% to 93% up to 56 days postapplication, and third and fourth instars by 42% to 86% up to 77 days postapplication, whereas thiamethoxam applied similarly reduced adults by 58% to 80%, first and second instars by 78% to 93% up to 6 weeks posttreatment, and third and fourth instars by 48% to 80% up to 10 weeks after initial application, compared to nontreated controls. Imidacloprid applied in soil immediately prior to planting further suppressed numbers of whiteflies by 71% to 83% (adults), 58% to 74% (first and second instars), and 52% to 74% (third and fourth instars), in comparison with the same compound applied through drip irrigation lines 4 weeks after planting. Buprofezin and pyriproxifen applied 6 weeks after planting reduced numbers of adult whiteflies by 25% to 81% and 40% to 73%, respectively; first and second instars by 61% to 92% and 51% to 100%, respectively; and third and fourth instars by 45% to 100% and 37% to 87%, respectively, on most sampling dates up to 7 weeks postapplication. The potential roles of these insecticides in integrated greenhouse whitefly management programs are discussed.

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