Effect of Larval Treatment with Azadirachtin, a Molting Inhibitory Component of the Neem Tree 1 , on Reproductive Capacity of the Face Fly, Musca autumnalis De Geer (Diptera: Muscidae)

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Abstract
When third-instar larvae of the face fly, Musca autumnalis De Geer, were exposed to 0.00001 µg/ml and 0.000039 µg/ml solutions of azadirachtin in aqueous acetone for 20 min, 2.75 and 11.5%, respectively, of the larvae died, and in 21.4 and 52.6%, respectively, inhibition of adult formation was recorded. These treatments also affected the reproductive potential of surviving adults. Reductions of 67.2 and 85.95% respectively, in egg production were observed when treated males were mated with treated females. Lower reductions in number of eggs hatching were observed when untreated males or females were mated with treated individuals. Egg hatchability decreased more than 30 and 60% by the lower and higher treatments, respectively.