Effect of Trauma and Infection on Lyozyme in Poultry Tissue

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Abstract
Characterization of lysozyme free, bound, and total in traumatized tissues revealed that trauma elicited the release of free lysozyme in damaged areas. Within 1 day, lysozyme (μg lysozyme equivalent/g of wet tissue) increased from 4.9 in superficial to 7.8 in medium and to 8.8 in severe trauma. The percentage free lysozyme in these tissues was 51% of total in superficial, 59% in medium, and 65% in severe trauma. No lysozyme was detected in control tissue, in periphery of damaged area, or in symmetrically located control muscle on the same traumatized birds. Ratio of total to free lysozyme concentration was 1:0.6 to 1:0.7 and was constant during healing. Enhancement of lysozyme concentration in traumatized tissue was also affected by bacterial infection. Within 1 day S. aureus-infected traumatized tissue had 23.5 μg lysozyme equivalent/g of tissue compared to 8.7 in control-infected tissue; E. coli-infected traumatized tissues had the same value as that of S. aureus. In control E. coli-infected tissues, total lysozyme was twice that for S. aureus-infected control tissues. Most of the lysozymes in infected tissues were in free form. The increase of lysozyme in damaged areas is apparently due to activity of polymorphonuclear leukocytes invading the tissue and to injury and autolysis of tissue cells.

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