Generator model for power system studies

Abstract
Modelling of generators for power systems studies is a difficult task. Uncertainties surrounding the choice of equivalent circuit and parameter measurement are compounded by the effects of saturation, whereby machine reactances vary with changes in voltage and current. The paper addresses these problems. A method of modelling is described involving the step by step solution of differential equations based on a simple d-q equivalent circuit, with damping represented by a single element in each axis. Saturation is included and is shown to have a significant influence on dynamic behaviour. The equivalent circuit parameters and their saturation characteristics are derived using semi-empirical curve fitting techniques from the results of standard works tests. Changes caused by saturation are introduced at each step in the solution to modify parameters in accordance with prevailing voltages and currents. The effectiveness of the model and the methods it employs were tested successfully, using results from a micromachine model and from practical generators.

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