Viscous flow relative to arrays of cylinders

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Abstract
The free‐surface model, successfully employed to predict sedimentation, resistance to flow, and viscosity in assemblages of spherical particles, has been extended to the case of flow relative to cylinders. It is shown to be in good agreement with existing data on beds of fibers of various types and flow through bundles of heat‐exchanger tubes for cases where it can reasonably be expected to apply. Close agreement in the dilute range with the only theoretical treatment for flow parallel to a square array of cylinders provides interesting validation of the model.