Profile of Sedatives and Tranquilizers in Serum, as Measured by Gas-Liquid Chromatography

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Abstract
We describe here a rapid and comprehensive screening method for 40 commonly used sedatives and tranquilizers with use of gas-liquid chromatography. Barbiturates, nonbarbiturate sedatives, and tranquilizers of the phenothiazine, benzodiazepine, and dibenzazepine type can be both identified and measured in serum. A simple solvent extraction at different pH values, with subsequent solvent partition, effects a preliminary separation into acid, neutral, and basic drugs. The three fractions are separated on two standard 180-cm glass columns: acid and neutral drugs with the liquid phase XE-60 (3.5%) and basic drugs with the liquid phase OV-17(3%). Sera from more than 50 patients have been analyzed by this technique, and the concentrations of several sedatives and tranquilizers are reported.

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