The TNF-α system in heart failure and after heart transplantation; plasma protein levels, mRNA expression, soluble receptors and plasma buffer capacity
Open Access
- 1 June 1999
- journal article
- Published by Oxford University Press (OUP)
- Vol. 20 (11) , 833-840
- https://doi.org/10.1053/euhj.1998.1478
Abstract
Background The two soluble tumour necrosis factor (TNF) receptors (sTNF-R1, sTNF-R2) can bind TNF-α, which is a cytokine with cardiodepressant properties. In heart failure and after heart transplantation, the TNF-α system is unbalanced, due to elevated levels of sTNF receptors.Keywords
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