Influence of Posttreatment Temperature on the Toxicity of Pyrethroid Insecticides12

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Abstract
Posttreatment temperature effects on the toxicity of pyrethroid insecticides applied by direct contact and in soil were assessed. Pyrethrins, resmethrin. FMC 33297 (3-phenoxybenzyl (±)-3-(2,2-dichlorovinyl)-2,2-dimethyl-cyclopropanecarboxylate), Shell WL 41706 (alpha-Cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl 2,2,3,3-tetramethylcyclopropanecarboxylate), and Shell WL 43775 (alpha-Cyano-3-phenoxybenzyl 2-(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-l-butyrate) applied by direct contact were from 2.7 to 3.6 times more toxic to 1st instars of a cricket, Gryllus pennsylvanicus (Burmeister), at 15° as at 32°C. FMC 33297 was 2.6, 3.6, and 7.4 times more toxic at 15° as at 32°C to a flea beetle adult, Phyllotreta cruciferae (Goeze), onion maggot adult, Hylemya antiqua (Meigen), and variegated cutworm, Peridroma saucia (Hübner), respectively. At 15°, 22°, 27°, and 32°C, endosulfan showed a positive, carbaryl a bimodal, and FMC 33297 and DDT a negative temperature coefficient of toxicity. When incorporated into mineral and organic soil FMC 33297 was slightly more toxic to crickets at 15° as compared to 32°C.

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