Hazards of heat exposure. A review.

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Abstract
The usefulness of the various heat stress standards recommended by occupational health authorities in the USA was discussed from the point of view of their effectiveness in preventing acute heat illnesses. The findings from an investigation of 4 recent fatal industrial heat casualties were described. A review was presented of the recent literature on acute occupational heat illnesses. Also reviewed was information on chronic heat illnesses. Most of this latter data came from studies performed in Europe and South America. A recent mortality study among steel workers in the USA contributed significantly to the knowledge of this problem area. This study found the primary targets of chronic heat illnesses to be the cardiovascular and gastrointestinal systems, although there was some evidence that reproductive functions may be affected. A discussion on how to prevent chronic heat illnesses was presented.

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