Guidelines for the use of antiretroviral agents in pediatric HIV infection. Center for Disease Control and Prevention.

  • 17 April 1998
    • journal article
    • guideline
    • Vol. 47, 1-43
Abstract
Although the pathogenesis of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and the general virologic and immunologic principles underlying the use of antiretroviral therapy are similar for all HIV-infected persons, there are unique considerations needed for HIV-infected infants, children, and adolescents, including a) acquisition of infection through perinatal exposure for many infected children; b) in utero exposure to zidovudine (ZDV) and other antiretroviral medications in many perinatally infected children; c) differences in diagnostic evaluation in perinatal infection; d) differences in immunologic markers (e.g., CD4+ T-lymphocyte count) in young children; e) changes in pharmacokinetic parameters with age caused by the continuing development and maturation of organ systems involved in drug metabolism and clearance; f) differences in the clinical and virologic manifestations of perinatal HIV infection secondary to the occurrence of primary infection in growing, immunologically immature persons; and g) special considerations associated with adherence to treatment for children and adolescents. This report addresses the pediatric-specific issues associated with antiretroviral treatment and provides guidelines to health-care providers caring for infected infants, children, and adolescents.

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