Evaluation of circulating tumor necrosis factor‐α in patients with gynecological malignancies

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Abstract
TNF‐α levels in sera from patients with gynecological cancers were evaluated by ELISA and compared with those of patients with benign ovarian cysts or of anonymous healthy donors. Patients with cervical and endometrial carcinoma and with benign ovarian cysts showed levels of TNF‐α similar to those of healthy donors. In contrast, significantly increased levels of TNF‐α were found in patients with ovarian carcinoma, regardless of the stage of disease.