Induction of Congenital Hydrocephalus with Mumps Virus in Rhesus Monkeys

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Abstract
Rhesus monkey fetuses were inoculated intracerebrally with wild-type mumps virus near the beginning of the last 3rd of the gestation period. Within 3 days after inoculation, mumps virus was isolated from many fetal tissues. Thirteen animals receiving virus were delivered at term. Five of these showed slight to severe hydrocephalus. Hydrocephalus was most prominent in the posterior horns of the lateral ventricles but other lesions occurred at various levels of the ventricular system. Virus was isolated from 3 animals at 1 day of age (2 mo. after inoculation). Mumps virus was not recovered from 1 mo. old monkeys. The recovery of mumps virus from newborn rhesus monkeys 2 mo. after inoculation suggests that attempts should be made to document similar persistence of the virus in humans. This model indicates that mumps virus infection in humans may result in hydrocephalus.

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