Pelvic cancers: staging of 139 cases with lymphography and fine-needle aspiration biopsy.

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Abstract
One hundred thirty-nine patients with pelvic cancers (101 bladder carcinomas, 27 prostatic carcinomas, and 11 testicular tumors) considered for radical surgery were studied with lymphography and percutaneous fine-needle aspiration (FNA) biopsy, and the results were correlated with lymphadenectomy. Adequate material for FNA was obtained in 97%, 88%, and 100% of the bladder, prostatic, and testicular tumors, respectively. For bladder carcinoma, the global accuracy was 58% for lymphography and 93% for FNA; the high false-negative rate for lymphography (48%) was lowered to 25% with FNA, providing that the obturator nodes were punctured. For prostatic carcinomas, it was not possible to evaluate the true-positive rate because the patients with positive FNA results did not undergo surgery. For testicular tumors, lymphography and FNA had almost the same global accuracy (73% and 75%), but FNA had a better specificity (100%) than lymphography (86%). FNA had no false-positive results, which means that positive biopsy results obviate radical surgery; when FNA results are negative a lymphadenectomy should be performed. With its mild morbidity, FNA has a role in the preoperative staging of pelvic carcinomas.