Suppression of Ozone Injury to Phaseolus vulgaris L. with Thiophanate Ethyl and its Methyl Analogue

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Abstract
Two systemic fungicides, 1,2‐bis (3‐ethoxycarbonyl‐2‐thioureido) benzene (thiophanate ethyl) and 1,2‐bis (3‐methoxycarbonyl‐2‐thioureido) benzene (thiophanate methyl) were tested for their ability to suppress ozone injury to Phaseolus vulgaris L. ‘Pinto III’ bean seedlings in greenhouse‐grown plants fumigated with air containing 25–35 pphm of ozone for 4 hours. Treatments included foliar sprays of 100, 500, and 1,000 µg fungicide/ml of spray solution and soil amendments of 50, 100, 200, and 500 µg/g soil. Thiophanate ethyl resulted in significant reduction of injury at foliar spray dosages as low as 500 µg per ml solution and soil amendment levels as low as 100 µg per g soil. Nearly complete protection was achieved at 200 µg/g soil. Thiophanate methyl provided significant protection as a foliar spray at dosages of 500 and 100 µg/ml spray solution; when used as a soil amendment, results were inconsistent. Internode shortening with a mottled greening and yellowing effect was noted at the higher levels of thiophanate methyl foliar sprays and soil amendments.
Funding Information
  • Office of Air Programs, Environmental Protection Agency (AP00022)

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