A Study of the External Gamma-ray Field Arising from a Radioactive Source Situated in Air and in a Scattering Medium

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Abstract
A theoretical and experimental study is made of the response of a scintillation counter with a cylindrical collimating hole to a point source of radioactivity which may move throughout the region seen by the collimator. The theory is approximated and extended to give a simple solution of the response of the counter to a line source, lamina or parallel-sided slab of radioactive fluid of uniform activity and some experimental results are given. The effect of scattering in a semi-infinite medium in which the source is situated if measurements are made outside the medium has been determined. This has been found to have a negligible effect upon the localization of a point source even with the largest collimation angle used, where the ratio of the length to the diameter of the collimating hole was 3 to 1.
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