Importance of thiols in the repair mechanisms of DNA containing AP (apurinic or apyrimidinic) sites

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Abstract
Addition of thiol compounds containing an anionic group to the 3'-terminal unsaturated sugar of the 5' fragment obtained from an oligonucleotide containing an AP site cleaved by β-elimination, can be followed by gel electrophoresis. The technique enables to distinguish between two mechanisms of cleavage of the C 3 , -O-P bond 3' to an AP site: hydrolysis or 8-elimination. Addition of thiols to the double-bond of the 3’-terminal sugar resulting from β-elimination prevents a subsequent 5-elimination. The interpretation of the action of enzymes that start by nicking 3‘ to AP sites must take into account the presence or absence of thiols in the reaction medium. In living cells, thiols might influence the pathways followed by the repair processes of AP site-containing DNA.