Comparative bactericidal activity of cefixime, carumonam, enoxacin and roxithromycin with those of other antibiotics against resistant Haemophilus influenzae including β-lactam tolerant strains

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Abstract
One hundred isolates of Haemophilus influenzae including 50 β-lactamase producing, five ampicillin-resistant non-β-lactamase producing and five β-lactam tolerant strains were tested for susceptibility (MICs and MBCs) to ampicillin, aztreonam, carumonam, cefixime, cefaclor, cefamandole, cefotaxime, imipenem, enoxacin, ciprofloxacin, roxithromycin, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, and co-trimoxazole, by a microdilution broth method. Cefotaxime, enoxacin and ciprofloxacin with MIC90, and MBC90 of 90 and MBC90 90, 8 and 4 mg/l respectively). There were no chloramphenicol-resistant strains. Five β-lactamase-negative strains were resistant to ampicillin, cefaclor and cefamandole but susceptible to other β-lactams tested. Different patterns of tolerance were observed: four of five tolerant strains were tolerant to ampicillin and cefamandole, three to cefixime, cefaclor and cefotaxime, one to aztreonam. One tolerant strain was a β-lactamase producer. Two other strains were tolerant only to co-trimoxazole.

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