The predators of wheat‐bulb fly

Abstract
SUMMARY: Wheat bulb fly, a pest of winter weat, has one generation a year and all stages exist for at least a month. The feeding larva inside the shoot is protected, except when moving to a new shoot, but all the other stages are exposed to attack by non‐specific predators, either by soil‐living beetles feeding on eggs and puparia in the soil, or predatory flies and birds feeding on the adults.