Aromatic poly(amic acids): Fundamental structural studies

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Abstract
Aromatic poly(amic acids) derived from pyromellitic dianhydride and 4,4′,‐diaminodiphenyl ether were characterized by dilute solution techniques. Number‐average molecular weights M̄n of 13 samples ranged from 13,000 to 55,000 (DP 31–131). Weight‐average molecular weights M̄w of 21 samples ranged from 9,900 to 266,000. The ratio M̄w/M̄n was between 2.2 and 4.8. Heterogeneous polymerization yielded higher molecular weight polymer than homogeneous polymerization. The molecular weight could be varied systematically by control of stoichiometric imbalance. Use of very pure monomers and solvent gave polymers of relatively high number‐average molecular weight (∼50, 000) and the most probable molecular weight distribution M̄w/M̄n = 2. Impure monomers and/or solvent resulted in lower number‐average molecular weight (M̄n ≅ 20,000–30,000) and wider distributions (M̄w/M̄n = 3–5). The Mark‐Houwink relation obtained was [η] = 1.85 × 10−4M̄w0.80 The exponent is characteristic of moderately extended solvated coils. The unperturbed chain dimensions (r02/M)1/2 were 0.848 A., and the steric factor σ was 1.24 which is close to the limiting value of unity for an equivalent chain with free internal rotations. The sedimentation constant–molecular weight relation was S0 = 2.70 × 10−2M̄w0.39. This exponent is consistent with the Mark‐Houwink exponent.

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