water-substance Budget over the Japan Sea and the Japan Islands during the Period of Heavy Snow Storm

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Abstract
The winter weather in 1963 was unusually severe over the Far East, and many observation stations in Japan reported new records of the amount of snow fall. This case may be a suitable situation to study about the water-vapor supply from the Japan Sea and the snow fall over the Japan Islands. Water-substance budget over these areas were analysed using the data of ten days from January 16th to 26th, during which special observations were carried out under the Heavy Snow Storm Project. It is concluded that the amount of evaporation from the Japan Sea was about 5mm day-1, and that the transport of water-substance in the form of liquid or solid water is very important to explain the large amount of snow fall over the Japan Islands. The liquid or solid water content in the active connective cloud over the coastal area of the Japan Sea was estimated, by the budget analysis, to be about 0.4 gr kg-1(i. e. about 0.4 gr m-3). It is also found, that the amount of snow fall over the Japan Islands was especially large in front of a cold vortex.