Does autocatalytic amplification of maturation‐promoting factor (MPF) exist in mammalian oocytes?

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Abstract
The method of polyethylene-glycol-induced fusion of mammalian oocytes was applied to study maturation-promoting factor (MPF) activity. After homologous fusions of one maturing–late diakinesis (LD), metaphase I (MI)–pig or mouse oocyte to one, two, or three immature–germinal vesicle (GV)–oocytes, giant cells were cultured in control or cycloheximide supplemented medium for 3 hours. The occurrence of germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) and premature chromosome condensation (PCC) served as a control of MPF activity. In giant cells composed of one maturing and one, two, or three immature oocytes, GVBD and PCC were observed in all cases after cultivation in the control medium. In the presence of cycloheximide, the completion of GVBD and PCC remained high when one maturing and one immature oocyte were fused (83.7% and 95.7% of GVBD in pig and mouse, respectively). However, in giant cells composed of one maturing and up to three immature oocytes, all GVs were broken down only occasionally (4.8% and 11.7% in pig and mouse, respectively). These results suggest that in pig and mouse oocytes MPF does not amplify autocatalytically, but requires active protein synthesis for its production.