A Risk Assessment Approach for Nursing Infants Exposed to Volatile Organics through the Mother's Occupational Inhalation Exposure

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Abstract
A “rule-of-thumb” methodology is presented to assist in assessing risk to a nursing child due to the mother's occupational inhalation exposure. The method represents an example of the use of physiologically-based pharmacokinetic modeling using state-of-the-art computational techniques. A computer model is developed to describe distribution of nonmetabolized, inhaled contaminants into a mother/child system as a function of the contaminant's blood: air and octanol: water partition coefficients. Effective dose is calculated in terms of the area under the blood concentration vs. time curve of the exposure chemical. Since low partition values yield low risk for the nursing child and high values yield high risk, the model is exercised over a range of intermediate values (blood: air = [2, 25]; octanol: water = [100, 1500]). Results are thus applicable to chemicals for which the mother's dose is a strong factor in estimating the child's risk. The most notable observation is that, for the range of partition values used, this model never predicts an effective dose of exposure chemical for the child greater than 35 percent of that of the mother. An equation is provided (based on model results) which expresses the child's effective dose as a fraction of the mother's. Shelley, M.L.; Andersen, M.E.; Fisher, J.W.: A Risk Assessment Approach for Nursing Infants Exposed to Volatile Organics through the Mother's Occupational Inhalation Exposure. Appl. Ind. Hyg. 4:21–26; 1989.