Deregulation of Cyclin E2 expression and associated kinase activity in primary breast tumors

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Abstract
The increased expression of G1 cyclins has been associated with the many types of human tumors. In primary solid tumors however, the expression and activity of cyclin E2, the newest member of the G1 cyclin family, is largely unknown. In this study we have analysed the expression of the E-type cyclins in primary solid tumors from breast, lung, uterus, ovary, colon, and rectal tissues. Relative gene expression was analysed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (Taqman). The levels of cyclin E1 and cyclin E2 were significantly elevated (23 vs 38%, respectively) in primary breast tumor samples relative to normal breast tissue controls. We also observed an inverse correlation between the expression of cyclin E1/E2 and estrogen receptor in breast tumors. Our results demonstrate that the expression and associated catalytic activity for both cyclin E1 and cyclin E2 is elevated in primary breast tumors when compared to normal breast tissue. The increased level of cyclin E2 in breast tumors suggests that, similar to cyclin E1, it may contribute to the pathogenesis of breast cancer.