Glycopyrrolate compared with atropine in association with ketamine anaesthesia

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Abstract
Atropine and glycopyrrolate given intravenously before the induction of a ketamine anaesthesia to diminish salivary secretion were compared for their effect on psychotomimetic side‐effects, awakening time and heart rate. Though atropine is a tertiary amine that crosses the blood‐brain barrier, which glycopyrrolate as a quaternary ammonium compound does not, it did not increase the incidence of psychotomimetic side‐effects nor did it significantly prolong the awakening time after ketamine anaesthesia. During intubation the increase in heart rate was significantly higher following atropine than following glycopyrrolate.