Alignment of liquid crystals using submicrometer periodicity gratings

Abstract
Spatial‐period (320‐nm) square‐wave gratings fabricated on amorphous SiO2 substrates were used to produce uniform alignment of the director in nematic and smecticliquid‐crystal layers. This demonstrates that molecular alignment can be achieved using surface structures fabricated by a planar process. A novel method of producing twisted‐nematic liquid‐crystal displays using surfacegratings is described.

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