Three-Dimensional Antiferromagnetic Order and AnisotropicMagnetic Properties in Bi2CuO4

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Abstract
The structure and magnetic properties of Bi 2 CuO 4 have been studied by neutron and X-ray diffraction, magnetic susceptibility and magnetization measurements. Three-dimensional (3D) and anisotropic antiferromagnetism is revealed for this compound rather than the previously anticipated one-dimensional one. Long-range antiferromagnetic order associated with a ferromagnetic stacking of Cu 2+ spins along the [001] axis starts to develop below T N =42 K. A magnetic moment of 0.85±0.05 µ B /Cu which is larger than those of Cu 2+ spins in the two-dimensional Heisenberg antiferromagnets such as La 2 CuO 4 and Sr 2 CuCl 2 O 2 reflects the 3D character in Bi 2 CuO 4 . A non-linear magnetization curve under an inplane magnetic field is analyzed quantitatively by a continuous spin rotation in the (001) plane.

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