Increased Serum Prostate-Specific Antigen in a Man and a Woman with Hepatitis A

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Abstract
Although prostate-specific antigen (PSA) was originally thought to be a prostate-epithelium–specific marker,1 it has now been described in other tissues and body fluids, including liver, colon, lung, kidney, breast, ovarian, and parotid tumors; normal breast; salivary gland and endometrium; breast milk; and amniotic fluid.2-4 Likewise, the prostate-specific membrane antigen is a novel biomarker that can be detected in a variety of healthy and malignant non-prostate tissues.3,5 A quantitative assessment of the tissue expression of this glycoprotein seems to indicate that high levels of prostate-specific membrane antigen transcripts are present in normal liver, brain, and small intestine and that such tissue levels are only about one fifth of those in prostate tissue.5 We describe a man and woman in whom increased serum PSA levels were detected during acute viral hepatitis.