Long-Term Exposure to Sulfur Dioxide, Sulfuric Acid Mist, Fly Ash, and Their Mixtures

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Abstract
Groups of cynomolgus monkeys and guinea pigs were exposed to mixtures of sulfur dioxide, fly ash, and sulfuric acid mist. The exposure concentrations varied between 0.1 and 5.0 ppm for sulfur dioxide, 0.1 and 1 mg/cu m for sulfuric acid mist, while a concentration of approximately 0.5 mg/cu m was used for fly ash. The duration of exposure was 52 weeks for guinea-pigs and 78 weeks for monkeys. Pulmonary function tests and serum biochemical and hematological analyses were conducted prior to and periodically during the exposure period. At the termination of exposure, the lungs were examined microscopically. Analysis of the data revealed that in groups exposed to the mixtures of pollutants, sulfuric acid mist was responsible for the effects observed. No synergistic action between the pollutants was detected.