Enhancement of the dissolution rate of a poorly water-soluble drug (tolbutamide) by a spray-drying solvent deposition method and disintegrants

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Abstract
The dissolution rate of a poorly water-soluble drug, tolbutamide, was improved by spray-drying a diluted ammonia solution of the drug containing either a low-substituted hydroxypropylcellulose (L-HPC) or partly pregelatinized corn starch (PCS) as disintegrants. With L-HPC the resultant particles were agglomerates of disintegrant with drug on the surface and within the particles, while particles formed with PCS were composed of a single core of PCS on which the drug was deposited. The deposited drug crystals were very fine because the rapid solvent evaporation restricted crystal growth. The spray-dried particles prepared with PCS had a structure similar to that of an ordered mix. The drug dissolution rate from the spray-dried particles was more rapid than that of the powdered drug alone or with disintegrant and could be attributed to separation of the layer of fine drug crystals from the surface of the particles by swelling of disintegrant. PCS enhanced the drug dissolution rate compared with systems using corn starch. The dissolution rate also depended on the drug content of the particles which was higher than that in ordered mixtures or conventional solvent deposition systems. This system described also had the advantage of avoiding the use of organic solvents.