Rubella Antibody Titers in Vaccinated and Nonvaccinated Women and Results of Vaccination During Pregnancy

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Abstract
In the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG), the selective rubella vaccination strategy used in the United Kingdom was followed until 1980, when vaccination of children was introduced. According to surveys in the Stuttgart area, so far no significant reduction in the rate of seronegativity(10%)among postpubertal women has occurred. However, among women with a history of vaccination, the rate of seronegativity has decreased to 2.4%. For the vaccinated group the percentage of women with low levels of rubella antibody (23%) is significantly higher than for women without a history of vaccination (9.5%). In the study of the outcome of accidental vaccination during pregnancy or shortly before conception, which has followed up 365 women so far, 194 infants have been born without signs of congenital rubella syndrome (CRS). Also no cases of CRS were noted in 98 infants born to women known to be susceptible to rubella at the time of vaccination. When the data obtained in the United States and Stuttgart on the outcome of accidental vaccination are combined, the theoretical maximum risk of CRS calculated is as low as 1.2%.

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