Animal phenolases and adrenaline

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Abstract
A number of vertebrate and invertebrate tissues were examined for the presence of phenolases of the catechol oxidase type. Haemocyanins and other Cu-protein complexes could act as pseudophenolases they were mainly responsible for the apparent phenolase activity in certain arthropods and molluscs. A crystalline Cu-protein complex which was catalytically active was obtained from the blood of Cancer pagurus. Active catechol oxidases were present in a no. of arthropods, but were not found in animals of any other phylum. Catechol oxidase was not related to the chromaffin system in its function.