The radiation of low-pressure Hg-Ar discharges in tubes of small diameters

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Abstract
For low-pressure Hg-Ar discharges line intensities of UV and visible radiation have been measured for tube diameters of 36, 22.8, and 9.5 mm and for different Hg densities and currents. A computer-controlled experiment was used for angularly resolved measurements. For 36-mm tube diameter the measured angular intensity distribution agrees well with published results. For tubes with 9.5-mm diameter the maximum emission of the 254- and 436 nm radiation is reached at a coldest spot temperature of about 45 °C for a lamp current of 200 mA. The ratio of visible to UV radiation becomes larger for smaller diameters which can be important for lamp applications. Increasing the lamp current from 200 to 600 mA leads to saturation effects in the radiation. A further increase to 1 A changes remarkably the measured angular intensity distribution. This indicates that for higher currents a broader radial radiation profile is present and/or an increased trapping especially of the visible radiation. The total radiated power of the discharge column and the intensity normal to the emitting surface are correlated by the Koedam factor β. The investigation shows that this factor is constant within certain parameter ranges but can change drastically, e.g., for tubes having a very small diameter of 2 mm.