New Approach to the Quantum-Mechanical Analysis of the Electronic Structures of Molecules. The Method of Deformed Atoms in Molecules

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Abstract
A modification of Moffit's method of atoms in molecules is here proposed. In this treatment, the modified atomic functions X are introduced, which are made up from the exact eigenfunctions of atoms modified by correction factors so as to take account of the deformation of atoms in molecules. The advantage of these basic functions X is as follows. Firstly, the difficulty caused by the correlation energy in atoms can be removed by the use of the experimental atomic term values just as in Moffitt's method. Secondly, the common effective charges for neutral and ionic structures can be applied for the convenience of calculating the interaction operators, which sometimes produces serious errors in Moffitt's method. Moreover the improvement on the original Heitler-London treatment—corresponding to Wang's or Weinbaum's work for the hydrogen molecule—can be expected. Then, it is discussed how to determine these modified atomic functions in order that the results appertain to the good range in spite of the rather simple calculation. The energy loss of atoms in molecules, induced by the deformation, is corrected, and the interatomic interaction energy is calculated by the use of the approximate functions composed of the orbital functions, where the molecular orbital method can be utilized for saving the difficulty of the higher order permutations. Then the unsatisfactory results, obtained in the calculation of Li2 by utilizing the common effective charges in Moffitt's method, are improved.

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