MMIC phase shifters and amplifiers for millimeter-wavelength active arrays

Abstract
The development of MMIC (monolithic microwave integrated circuit) phase shifters and amplifiers at 20 and 44 GHz for application in space-based active antenna arrays is described. Radio frequency probing to characterize the active elements at these frequencies is shown to provide a good basis for the MMIC design. Measured performance results are presented for a 44-GHz phase-shifter switching element, all 16 states of a 4-b 20-GHz MMIC phase shifter, a 180 degrees 44-GHz phase shifter, and a three-stage 20-GHz amplifier.

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