Effect of Birth and Surfactant Treatment on Phospholipid Synthesis in the Premature Rabbit

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Abstract
The incorporation of intraperitoneally injected 3H-glycerol and 14C-palmitate into the lipids of lung, liver and brain was examined in premature rabbits (27 days gestation, term 31) both in utero and in control or surfactant-treated neonates. With the lung, there was an increased incorporation after delivery, especially with the surfactant-treated pups. The incorporation of 3H-glycerol into liver lipids was markedly reduced after birth, particularly with the nontreated controls. The liver:lung ratios of the incorporations were decreased after delivery. In all three tissues, the relative incorporations into the individual lipids were not affected to any great extent by birth or surfactant treatment. In lung, the disaturated and monoenoic species, respectively, of phosphatidylcholine accounted for the major proportion of the radioactivity. After birth there was a small increase in the labelling of the monoenoic species at the expense of the disaturated species with both control and surfactant-treated neonates. These observations support the proposal that surfactant treatment of the prematurely delivered neonate could be used prophylactically for the prevention of the respiratory distress syndrome.

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