Investigations of Chlorinated Thiophenes: A Group of Bioaccumulable Compounds Identified in the Effluents from Kraft Bleaching

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Abstract
By comparison with six synthesized standards the identity of the following chlorinated thiophenes were established in spent kraft bleach liquors: 2,3,4-trichlorothiophene and 3-formyl and 3-acetyl di- and trichlorothiophene. The synthesized standards were found to be isomers of the thiophenes identified in the effluents. A large number of lipophilic terpene derivatives with from one to four chlorine atoms were also detected. The synthesized chlorinated thiophenes were found to have partion coefficients (Log Pow) between 3.8 and 5.6. The compounds were found to bioaccumulate in bleak. About one third of the concentrations at the end of the exposure period remained in the fish after an elimination period of 14 days. The compounds were moderately toxic towards the harpacticoid Nitocra spinipes. Three of the compounds showed mutagenic activity.

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