Further Studies on the Production of a Hyperkeratosis in Calves with Topically Applied Base-Oils for Use in Livestock Sprays

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Abstract
A pronounced hyperkeratosis developed in calves upon topical administration of 1/3 oz. of a mineral seal oil/100 lb. body wt./ day. One-eighth oz. also produced a hyperkeratosis, but to a less degree. Eleven different oil preparations differed in their ability to cause skin changes (1/3 oz./100 lb. body wt./day). Two produced no skin changes, 1 caused only desquamation, and 8 caused moderate to severe hyperkeratosis. The dermatoxic effects of the oils were not explained by crude source, viscosity, unsulfo- nated residue, boiling range, the acid used in refinement, or the presence of chlorinated naphthalenes. The hyperkeratosis in calves was the only symptom of chronic bovine hyperkeratosis (X-disease) which was produced by the petroleum oils. The oil-produced hyperkeratosis caused a non-critical, transient blood plasma vit. A depression, but no decrease in body wt. gains. Oral administration of mineral seal oil produced no symptoms of bovine hyperkeratosis.