SEM-studies on the osseous healing and changes of the microvascular architecture in supporting tissues of endosseous implants.

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Abstract
Relations between successive changes of the microvascular architecture and osseous healing in the restorative process of supporting structures of endosseous implants were experimentally investigated on plastic microcasts of blood vessels under SEM. Sixty days after upper incisor extractions of Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata), titanium, notch and screw-typed, and bioceram-anchorpin were implanted. The animals were sacrificed at postoperative 1, 2, 4, 9 weeks, respectively. Acryl plastic was injected via the common carotid arteries. Microvascular casts together with bone element of the maxillae were prepared for SEM as well histological slides for light microscope. One week after implantation, sinusoidal vessels sprouted out of pre-existing vessels including leakages of the injected plastic. Two weeks, these sinusoids began to be sorted out. Newly formed, stalked bone trabeculae reached the implant surface, where each of them has enlarged as an island like piece. Four weeks, these pieces have been connected with each other by adhesion. Outside the new bone, blood capillaries sorted out have formed a cylindrical plexus. These successive osseous integration surrounding the implant has continued until about 9 weeks. In conclusion, it can be said that the period of 4-6 weeks after implantation was most important and significant to be established the osseous integration.

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