Rocket-borne double focusing analyzer for particle spectroscopy in the lower magnetosphere

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Abstract
We describe a rocket‐borne instrument for measurement of the low energy electron and proton distribution function in the magnetosphere. It consists of an optimized programmable electrostatic toroidal analyzer as an energy selector, coupled with an electron multiplier as a particle detector, and of the associated electronics. Much attention has been paid to the experimental calibration of the instrument which gives us some understanding of the real behavior of the detector and the way it influences the analyzer properties.