Acetylcysteine in the Prevention of Cyclophosphamide-Induced Cystitis in Rats

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Abstract
A bioassay to test potential agents (or prevention of cyclophosphamide-induced cystitis was developed. A single dose of 100 mg/kg cyclophosphamide produced consistent bladder irritation at 24 hours in young, mature, male rats as indicated by gross observation, organ weight, and histopathologic evaluation. The weight and microscopic appearance of the spleen were used as indicators of systemic leukocytotoxic activity. Of the agents tested, acetylcysteine given orally most effectively prevented cystitis. Time and dose relationship was important; the optimum time was 0.5 hours before cyclophosphamide administration at a dose of 400 mg/kg of acetylcysteine in the rat. These findings warrant consideration of clinical studies in man with orally administered acetylcysteine as an adjunct to cyclophosphamide treatment for the prevention of cystitis.

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