Overwintering ofPseudomonas syringaepv.glycineain the Field

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Abstract
Overwintering of P. syringae pv. glycinea (PSG) associated with soybean [Glycine max] leaves in the field was evaluated with a streptomycin-rifampicin resistant mutant (PRS-81) of the bacterium. In 1981-1982, PRS-81 was recovered from buried samples (10, 20, and 30 cm below the surface) until Feb. 1982 and from soil surface samples until March 1982. It was not detected after April. In 1982-1983, survival of the bacterium was not affected by depths at which samples were placed. Viable cells were detected from all samples until March. Soil temperature and moisture greatly influenced survival of the bacterium associated with soybean leaves. PRS-81 survived better under dry, cold conditions than under wet, warm conditions. Effects of soil temperature and moisture on survival of PRS-81 appeared to interact. Effects of soil moisture were more apparent at 4.degree. C than at 12 or -12.degree. C. Considering technical limitations in detecting PSG in soil and influences of soil temperature and moisture on its survival, it is concluded that PSG associated with soybean leaf tissue could overwinter on the soil surface in central Illinois [USA], if the weather is cold and dry.