Grain‐Oriented Glass‐Ceramics for Piezoelectric Devices

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Abstract
Grain‐oriented glass‐ceramics of Li2Si2o5, fresnoite (Ba2TiSi2O8), and its isomorphs Sr2TiSi2O8, and Ba2TiGe2O8, were prepared by recrystallizing glasses in a temperature gradient. Electromechanical and hydrostatic piezoelectric properties of these glass‐ceramics were measured. Piezoelectric voltage coefficients g33 and hydrostatic voltage coefficient gh of these glass‐ceramics are comparable to those of polyvinylidene fluoride and an order of magnitude higher than the corresponding values of lead zirconate‐titanate. These glass‐ceramics seem to be attractive candidate materials for hydrophones and several piezoelectric devices. Hydrostatic piezoelectric properties of Ba2TiSi2O8 and Ba2TiGe2O8 single crystals were also measured. The unusually high values of gh in fresnoite single crystals and glass‐ceramics are supposed to be due to positive d31 in these materials. A composite model is proposed to explain the positive sign of d31 in fresnoite based on its crystal structure and internal Poisson's ratio stress.

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