The Disinfection of Trout Eggs Contaminated with Bacterium Salmonicida

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Abstract
Furunculosis of trout may be spread in hatcheries by eggs contaminated with Bact. salmonicida. A method is given for evaluating disinfectants for the disinfection of contaminated eggs. The "prophylactic index" is the ratio of the % of disinfectant toxic to eyed trout eggs in 10 min. exposure but not in 5 min. exposure to the % of disinfectant required to kill Bact. salmonicida in the presence of trout eggs in 10 min. exposure but not in 5 min. exposure. The 3 spp. of trout eggs tested, Salmo irideus, S. fario and Salvelinus jontinalis, reacted in the same way to the disinfectants. Tests on 15 strains of Bact. salmonicida failed to show significant strain variation to germicides. The phenolic compounds tested (phenol, hexylresorcinol and chlorthymol) gave low prophylactic indices and could not be used. The Cl compounds tested (Na hypochlorite, Ca hypochlorite, chlor-amine-T and azochloramid) gave moderately high indices but would have to be used with care because of their comparative instability and tendency to prolong hatching of eggs. Of the aniline dyes tested (gentian violet, brilliant green, and malachite green) only gentian violet could be used. Acrifiavine gave a very high index and has been used successfully in routine egg disinfection. The mercurials (HgCl2, mercarbolide, mercurochrome, metaphen and sulfo-merthiolate) with the exception of metaphen gave high indices. Sulfo-merthiolate gave the highest index of any chemical tested.

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