Orthostatic albuminuria is the entity in which serum protein appears in the the urine after a child has been standing or sitting and disappears when he lies down. The mechanism of this disturbance is not clear. It is described that the patient's general health may be good, or more often, there may be faulty nutrition, anemia, fatigability or various nervous symptoms. On close observation, however, many cases are found to be accompanied by symptoms due to food allergy, such as fatigability, dizziness, nausea, weakness, palpitation, headache, abdominal pain, motion sickness and so on. Since many cases of orthostatic albuminuria are complicated with the symptoms due to food allergy, the disease has been studied from this standpoint, assuming that orthostatic albuminuria may in fact be due to food allergy. In 1964, we reported on cases of orthostatic albuminuria due to food allergy at the annual convention of the Japanese Pediatric Society. In this study, 16 cases of orthostatic albuminuria were studied from the standpoint of food allergy, and food allergens were found in all the cases studied. (Table I)