Effect of Lead and Organophosphates on Sperm Morphology

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Abstract
Lead and organophosphates can exert a toxic action on the male reproductive function. A cross-sectional study involving 40 men was undertaken to investigate the effect of these toxins on sperm morphology. Based on the percentage of morphologically normal spermatozoa, subjects were divided into two groups. The control group (sperm morphology greater than or equal to 20% normal forms) consisted of 18 patients, and the study group (sperm morphology less than 5% normal forms) consisted of 22 patients. Lead, pseudocholinesterase, dibucaine, and fluoride levels were measured in blood samples of these men. The 22 men with low morphologically normal forms (less than 5%) did not display significantly different levels of the abovementioned substances compared to the control group.