African swine fever virus specific porcine cytotoxic T cell activity

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Abstract
Summary African swine fever virus (ASFV) specific, cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity has been studied in a protection model in which SLA inbred miniature swine are experimentally inoculated with a naturally occurring, non-fatal ASFV isolate (NHV). Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from such infected swine show significant activity in CTL assays, using cultured ASFV-infected porcine blood derived macrophages as target cells. This CTL activity is elicited from PBMC by in vitro restimulation of effector cells with low doses (multiplicity of infection=0.1) of the homologous virus isolate for 48 to 72 h. For SLAc/c effectors, this CTL activity appears to be SLA class I restricted because (1) blocking target cell antigens with monoclonal antibodies (mAb) against SLA class I antigens causes a major reduction in CTL activity; (2) there is preferential lysis of SLA class I matched, ASFV infected targets; and (3) depletion of effector cells with CD8 specific mAb and complement causes a reduction in CTL activity. The CTL activity is ASFV specific for all pigs tested in that infected macrophages are preferentially lysed as compared to normal (non-infected) cultured macrophages or macrophages infected with hog cholera virus (HCV). Lysis of macrophages infected with different ASFV isolates revealed that there is marked lysis of macrophages infected with the virulent L 60 isolate but less lysis of macrophages infected with the DR-II and Tengani isolates. In summary, our data show that ASFV specific CTL activity is triggered in swine infected with the NHV ASFV isolate.

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