A first‐order closure for diturbed plant‐canopy flows, and its application to winds in a canopy on a ridge

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Abstract
To calculate disturbed wind flows in plant canopies, we studied a variant of the K α λk1/2 first‐order closure (where K is the eddy viscosity, k is the turbulent kinetic energy calculated from its simplified governing differential equation, and λ is an algebraic length‐scale). We compare numerical solutions using this closure (which admits only three empirical constants) with earlier obervations of mean wind, shear stress, and turbulent kinetic energy in three, quite different, uniform canopy flows, and in disturbed canopy flow over a ridge. The closure performs as well as or better than the solutions of others based on modifications of the ‘k‐ϵ’ closure, where ϵ is the rate of dissipation of k.

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