Thidiazuron Stimulation of Apple Shoot Proliferation in Vitro

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Abstract
Thidiazuron stimulated shoot proliferation on shoot tip explants of ‘Gala’ apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) when incorporated in Linsmaier-Skoog medium at concentrations of 10, 1, and 0.1 μm. Shoot numbers with thidiazuron were equivalent to, or greater than, the number produced when using 4.4 μm BA in the medium, but the shoots were shorter than with BA. At 10 and 1 μm thidiazuron, shoot leaves were narrow, had pointed laminae, and were somewhat distorted. Shoot proliferation continued when explants from the 2 highest thidiazuron concentrations were transferred to cytokinin-free medium. Shoots from cultures grown at all 3 concentrations of thidiazuron rooted after 1 to 2 subcultures on cytokinin-free medium. Chemical names used: N-(phenylmethyl)-lH-purin-6-amine (BA) and N-phenyl-N′-l,2,3-thiadiazol-5-ylurea (thidiazuron).

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