Conducting a Functional Assessment of Problem Behavior in Applied Settings

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Abstract
Researchers have recently called for a greater emphasis on the use of functional assessment procedures in the selection of treatment strategies for problem behavior in persons with mental retardation. In applied settings there are several methods available for conducting a functional assessment. This article identifies and describes three methods that have been used in applied behavior analysis research: informant assessment (e.g., behavioral interviews, rating scales, and questionnaires), direct observation assessment, and experimental analysis. Although experimental analysis provides the most conclusive information regarding controlling variables for a behavior problem, less rigorous methods of assessment also yield important information with which to select and evaluate treatment strategies. This article reviews the strengths and weaknesses of each functional assessment method and provides a case example to illustrate the use of the various assessment procedures.